This project, based at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in the Biosystems and Biomaterials Division of the Material Measurement Laboratory, aims to develop light-scattering microscopy methods for characterizing gene delivery particles. It addresses heterogeneity issues in manufactured gene therapy nanoparticles, such as viral vectors and non-viral carriers, which currently hinder treatment efficacy and safety. The methods will enable rapid, multi-attribute measurements of individual nanoparticles' physical characteristics. This work supports the development and improvement of gene therapy treatments by speeding up measurement processes and enhancing their safety and effectiveness.